this is a trial to give basic information about the
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CENTRAL STATION
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Scandinavian railways
1 Denmark
to 1910
3 Sweden
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schematic railway maps / Karten |
| primary literature:
Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens. Band 1-10 (Wien 1912-1923) primary maps / Karten:
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comments, questions ?? in english, auf deutsch, på skandinaviska språk |
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Old Rauma - World Heritage Town Rauma, which first received the privilege of being called a town in 1442, is one of the six Finnish towns dating from the middle ages. Its "old town" is the most complete and widely preserved wooden town in the Nordic countries. The last great fire was in 1682 and since then Old Rauma has been saved from destructive fires. (picture) Rauma had at the end of the 19th century one of the largest tonnage of sailing ships in Finland, and this brought wealth and an intensive reconstruction period within. The historical value of the medieval area plan of the old town was already recognized at the beginning of 1900´s, and in 1909 an area plan (Lars Sonck) was accepted, which was in some way a compromise between the medieval structure and more modern demands on street construction. The ship owners and businessmen had to accept the small dimensions in the old town, if they would´nt build in the new, but not so central parts of the town. We can think, that the old town was even saved in 1950´s and -60´s, because this plan was quite conservative, and people had to repair their houses instead of building new ones. Old Rauma was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Catalogue in 1991, to represent a significant Nordic tradition of wooden building. Other Scandinavian World Heritage Towns are Visby and Luleå in Sweden and Bergen and Röros in Norway.
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Rauma Railway (Rauman Rautatie) In 1892 Rauma town decided to build its own railway from the state railways Tampere-Pori line, which was under construction, to Rauma, and to construct a modern harbor, so the railway could benefit as a bridge line from the traffic volumes. Rauma had then 4000 inhabitants. The railway to Peipohja (now called Kokemäki), 47,5 km, was opened in 1897. In 1913 a branch line of 14 km was built to Kauttua, which had paper industry. The railway had at maximum 9 steam locomotives, 2 of them especially built for the needs of a shoreline with quite heavy transportation needs. The railway was profitable, and the port of Rauma is now one of the largest on the west coast of Finland. Rauma railway was sold to the Finnish State Railways (VR) in 1950. The great time in the railways history were some months at the end of 1914, during the first world war, when all Russian traffic from St. Petersburg was directed via Rauma and Pori harbors. There were a lot of people returning home to their own side of the war faring countries. In these months there were direct express trains between St. Petersburg and Rauma, and passenger ships from Rauma to Stockholm and Gävle in Sweden. Don't get confused: there exist
even a Norwegian Rauma Railway, Raumabanen
- and, surely, much more scenic...
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